New fertiliser tech could reduce carbon emissions

Speaking at this year’s Cereals Event, Scottish farm manager David Aglen said nitrogen fertiliser accounts for around 50% of farming’s carbon emissions.

“We’ve found we can reduce nitrogen use on wheat crops by 40-50kg/ha without compromising yield,” he said during a BASE-UK seminar on the upcoming carbon border tax, due in 2027.

Mr Aglen highlighted several strategies: including grass and legume leys in rotations, switching to foliar urea, and using heritage wheat varieties with deeper roots. These practices improve nutrient uptake and cut input reliance.

Agronomist Kieran Walsh added that a 'little and often' approach to nitrogen applications has boosted efficiency from 55% to over 70%. “Timing is crucial,” he said, though warned that this method may increase fuel use if not managed carefully.

Rothamsted soil scientist Dr Stephan Haefele stressed the need for innovation, noting that renewable-energy fertiliser production could play a vital role in lowering agriculture’s carbon footprint.

One such innovation is Re-Genus’s new UK-made natural fertiliser, developed in partnership with Land Energy. Produced from fungi and recycled materials, the pellet-form product acts as a fungal inoculant to restore soil biology. Trials suggest it can reduce emissions by up to five tonnes per tonne used.

Another breakthrough showcased at the event is PES Technologies’ handheld soil health indicator. This in-field device measures key soil metrics like microbial biomass and organic matter in real-time, sending data to a phone app for quick decision-making.

With the carbon border adjustment mechanism looming and environmental expectations increasing, farmers are being urged to adapt. “There are lots of little things we can do to help,” said Mr Aglen. “It's about building resilient systems, not just chasing yields.”